localisation

Are You Using Hybrid Localisation for Your Business?

Want your message to travel the world and still feel local wherever it lands? Hybrid localisation is your combo of machine smarts and human flair. Think of it as AI doing the heavy lifting while people add the sparkle.

Whether it’s a website, computer game or product description, hybrid localisation makes sure your message doesn’t just cross borders, it makes it land with style. Fast, flexible, and surprisingly witty, it’s the modern way to speak everyone’s language (without sounding like a robot).

The AI translation space is expanding with lots of buzz, particularly when it comes to multilingual large language models (LLMs). These systems are developed to be advanced, finely tuned, and trained on massive datasets across hundreds of languages. They promise to do everything from streamlining global communication to expanding your profit as your business enters new markets. But now that AI isn’t a novel side tool but something that’s embedded into everything from product development to customer service, it’s time to think about its ability to find nuance and retain cultural sensitivity. Yes, multilingual LLMs can scale quickly, but what about their quality, ethics, and impact on local cultures?

Here’s a look at how LLMs are changing the future of translation and localisation and where they offer true innovation or streamline irreplaceable human input.

What Are Multilingual LLMs?

We built and programmed LLMs, or large language models, to understand and generate human-sounding text. However, LLMs aren’t just Google Translate or DeepL. These tools can convert text between two different languages, but they provide more of a verbatim translation that doesn’t consider the context, nuance, or culture.

You can train LLMs like GPT-4, Gemini and Claude, for more accurate translations with vast collections of texts in multiple languages. They can then use the data and information to translate, summarise, rephrase, or generate content across hundreds of languages. LLMs are highly versatile and can “reason” or parse style guides to switch tone for different audiences and sometimes brush up against the basics of cultural context to produce content that sounds fluent.

Multilingual LLMs and Translation Workflows

With AI’s evolution and multilingual capabilities, it’s only natural to consider how it can be used for translation workflows, localisation, interpretation, etc. Here’s a breakdown of some of its capabilities and limitations.

1. Quickly Draft Low-Risk Content

LLMs are adept at reducing the time spent on generating first and sometimes second drafts. If you have internal communications, memos, knowledge base articles or customer service replies, multilingual LLMs can help, especially in high-volume use cases. If a perfect translation isn’t absolutely necessary, you can use a tool like ChatGPT and get by just fine.

You can also take that first draft that your go-to LLM generated and pass it onto a human for editing. Known as MT post-editing, you get the benefit of the speed and organisation of an LLM and the personalised touch of a human. It’s a win-win.

2. Get Fast Turnarounds for Time-Sensitive Material

What if you need a quick translation? LLMs expedite crisis communications, product recalls, and live event updates within minutes. If speed is absolutely crucial, implementing an LLM can significantly transform your business. You’ll buy yourself valuable time and create a solid foundation to start from, even if you pass on your communications to a human editor.

3. Casually Test Long-Tail Markets

Your business probably has a budget for localisation and transcreation programmes for a handful of core languages. But what about those long-tail languages, including Malay, Swahili, or Ukrainian? You can still test those markets without a significant budget expenditure with the help of an LLM. If you’re not creating sensitive materials or need deep nuance and cultural sensitivity, you can start slow with an LLM to test the market for regional growth.

That’s where the limitations of LLMs lie. It’s still crucial to pass materials to a native-speaking editor and translator to review everything before going live or expanding your marketing any further. Otherwise, you could end up damaging your brand.

When Do You Still Need Human Translators?

LLMs are impressive and have made rapid gains, but there are also some overwhelming technical and strategic limitations to consider.

1. Transcreation and Emotionally Intelligent Copywriting

LLMs can handle a headline translation or come up with some basic marketing copy in another language. But it cannot localise humour, cultural nuance, idioms, sarcasm, emotional intelligence, or the pacing of a product launch. Native speakers and transcreation experts are skilled at adapting a message for another language and culture. It’s more than just translating one word to another. If you don’t master the subtext, you risk failing in a market before gaining any real momentum.

2. Accuracy and Compliance in Regulated Industries

Mistranslation is more than an embarrassment or inconvenience—it can have legal consequences or harm public safety. LLMs will tell you themselves that they can make mistakes and “hallucinate”. They are known to insert false information and tell you with overwhelming confidence that it’s completely correct. Healthcare, law, finance, and government sectors may require NAATI-certified translations, or ISO or GDPR compliance. Using AI tools as anything but support in these industries is more than foolish. It’s imperative to use a human translator, especially when regulatory language is involved.

3. Contextual Consistency Across Projects

LLMs also don’t remember what you worked on previously unless you give them the context every time. In other words, they struggle with consistency across a long-term project. They won’t remember your brand voice, terminology, or style guide unless you give them more information. Occasionally they’ll remember certain aspects of your tone and how you want to work, but it’s highly unreliable and risky to rely on LLMs as an arm of your team. It makes more sense to use an LLM as part of an overall departmental ecosystem than as a standalone tool.

Creating Hybrid Workflows

Localisation teams aren’t ignoring the fact that AI has arrived and can be useful. Instead, forward-thinking teams are creating hybrid workflows, combining human translators, interpreters, transcreation experts, LLMs, and other automation tools to maximise their productivity and accuracy. Here are some examples of use cases.

LLM generates a first draft before being sent to subject matter experts and licenced translators for editing and accuracy.
An automation tool briefly summarises a document for quick internal use instead of spending resources tapping an interpreter to translate it.
LLMs use the document to create marketing materials using different tones and cadences, depending on the market and whether it should be formal or casual.
A human transcreation expert digs deeper into the text to create a more nuanced approach to the campaign.
AI looks over the finished materials and creates a brief for an internal meeting, recording it for stakeholders who can’t be there.
Stakeholders decide which parts of the project are low-risk and can be AI-supported to free up time and budget.

The goal is to use AI to streamline the process and take out the tedious aspects of a project. However, substituting the human element with AI exposes your business to potential brand damage and legal risks.

Risks to Relying on AI

Even if you feel confident in using AI and think your projects are low risk, there are still some dangers to using LLMs.

1. Data Privacy and IP Risks

Did you know that when you upload documents to public AI tools to translate them, you could be exposing sensitive or confidential information? Many AI tools save and reuse the data they’re given to improve their models. You may be violating client confidentiality and breaking the terms of your contract without even realising it.

2. Language Bias

LLMs rely on the data they receive to undergo training. If they aren’t as familiar with underrepresented languages or language variants that have less content online, you may end up with poor results filled with errors and poor phrasing. The consequence? You could encounter a world of ethical concerns. Not knowing how well the documents were translated, you could be giving marginalised communities incorrect information without giving it a second thought.

3. Fluency Bias

LLMs sound incredibly fluent even when they’re entirely wrong and hallucinating. They may sound factual, tell you where they found the information, and have perfect grammar but are providing a document riddled with errors. As a result, you develop fluency bias, believing that something is correct simply because it sounds right. Meanwhile, a trained, licenced translator can quickly spot mistranslations, ambiguous phrasing, and cultural mismatches.

AI Can Augment, But Not Replace, the Human.

Multilingual, large language models are powerful and already shaping how teams approach localisation. They can make the way we work faster, more scalable, and more accessible across even remote languages. But translation isn’t just a mechanical process. It’s also cultural, contextual, and relational.

The question we should be asking isn’t whether or not the future is about choosing between humans and AI. It’s about how we should optimise our workflows to leverage the strengths of AI and bridge the gaps. We still need human translators for clarity, tone, accuracy and trust. AI can’t replace that. When used properly, LLMs help you deliver at scale while freeing up your human talent to focus on the work machines still can’t do.

Veerle Vanderplasschen

Creative Translation: When Creativity Alone Is Not Enough

Once a word is printed or appears on a screen, it is open to interpretation.

Choosing the right word is a creative act, because writing is subjective and there are many word choices to pick from to convey the right message. Understanding the impact of these words on the other hand, is a more logical and rational process. Who will be reading them? What is their cultural background? How would they understand these words?

It is common knowledge that we use the left side of our brains to make creative decisions – and many of these decisions are put out there for the world to judge. An artist paints a picture, a writer pens an article, or a musician composes a tune. All of these artistic acts take place with an audience in mind, but it is rare that they are specifically tailored towards being interpreted in a certain way. In these types of creative activity, the left brain rules.

When reason has to shape the path of your creativity, things get decidedly trickier. You might even ask whether creativity in a straightjacket can be called creativity anymore?

Translation is one industry where initial creativity has to be tempered with sound logic.

The logical right part of our brain has to keep the left brain in check, but for the best possible translations, it cannot snuff out the creative part of the brain altogether.

Especially when transcreating for an international purpose, you have to consider the logical conclusion of how a piece of writing will be understood. Translation software can come up with some fantastic creative choices (yes, robots can be creative too), but actually it is only the native translator who will read through a passage and ask:

Does this make sense? Will the audience understand what we want them to understand?

Great translation starts with creativity and finishes with logic.

Conveying a message to a Chinese audience in China requires different idioms in your message than conveying the same message to a Chinese audience in Australia. You come up with a creative solution, but at the end of every piece of work you have to ask that simple question. How will my intended audience understand these words? If you can’t come up with an objective and informed answer, you will have to go back to the drawing board.

As an owner of an international translation agency, I need to stay close to my clients so that I understand what their intentions are and what they want their words to achieve. In a way, I have to become an extension of my clients and pick translation teams that my clients would trust.

The reason is simple: our international teams of translators and revisers are entrusted with the most important task of all, and that is to translate and revise to the best of their ability and to make the logical decision of whether a translation will be suitable for its intended audience.

This is a key consideration when we talk to clients – we have to understand their audience and how they want them to be impacted. Without this understanding, we will be translating in the dark – our left brains might enjoy it, but our right brains won’t have a clue what is going on.

At the end of the day, logic is what ensures that a translation is as good as it can be.

Veerle Vanderplasschen

Chabuduo. Or is it?

If I am an Australian consumer of a Chinese product, do I care that the accompanying literature is written in broken English?

“It must have been hard to translate. I understand the basic gist. No worries.”

But then someone else might wonder why a producer does not make a bigger effort, if they could positively influence their export success?

In a world where brand loyalty and storytelling are intimately connected, what was a compelling story in the original language, can easily become uninspiring drivel if the same care isn’t taken with the translation. The consumer will simply move on to another brand whose story is more carefully crafted.

There is no place for shoddy translations ruining corporate stories anymore. Well, not for the brands that care about their customers, anyway.

Your audience

I have written before about the difference between translation and transcreation, and the essence is found in this thought: a transcreation must make the target audience feel the same way as the original article made the original audience feel.

Let’s take an advertisement. The purpose of an advertisement is to attract the attention of people towards a product or service, and to ultimately move those people to purchase that product or service.

An advert that leaves you feeling amused, should also leave a new audience feeling amused, if translated. Different cultures demand different approaches and if a literal, word for word translation won’t achieve the desired customer response, then a transcreation method should be adopted.

It’s all about your market and your audience. Who are they, what moves them, and how can you capture their attention?

If you are exporting, you must translate your content properly, with due regard to your audience, or you don’t do it at all.

An “okay” result risks turning off a vast swathe of your consumers who are used to being wooed.

Chàbuduō

In China, there is the concept of something being “close enough is good enough.” They even have a word for it: chàbuduō. But whenever I read an inadequate piece of writing I somehow feel that a precious moment in my life has been wasted. Why should I spend more time trying to work out what they are trying to say? If they want to attract my attention, should they not make more of an effort?

Inelegant messaging and clumsy language might suggest a deeper malaise.

And yes, it might be a translation, but there is no excuse for it not to make sense.

Apple are held up as a shining example in many respects, and their corporate messaging is no exception. Their customers might read their literature in hundreds of different languages, but they all come away feeling the same things. Apple know that each individual translation has a life of its own – it is the end customer and not the original writer who holds the key to the success of any piece of translated content.

When a company puts a piece of writing (or any other kind of content) out into the world, they do so in the full knowledge that it will be judged.

Why wouldn’t you want to write it as well as possible?

By Veerle Vanderplasschen

How Translation Will Survive the Robot Onslaught

Credit DepositPhotos: Illustration of artificial intelligence besides brains in jars

by Veerle Vanderplasschen

The translation industry, like countless others, is threatened by the rise of the robots.

On the face of it, translation is one of those mechanical activities that could easily be handled by a nifty piece of Artificial Intelligence. Google Translate is just the start, imperfect as it is, and it wouldn’t be surprising if even the most qualified translator has had a peek on Google before to refresh their memory.

Of course, we also use A.I.; every reputable translation company uses technology to improve quality and increase efficiency to speed things up. You see, when someone needs a translation, they usually need it in a hurry.

However, they also need it to make sense to the reader.

In an increasingly globalised world, that reader might be from South Korea, Switzerland or Surinam. They expect any communication to be concise and adapted for their understanding. A text can be translated mechanically, but unless there is a degree of cultural adaptation, it will utterly lose its soul. Only a human with an intimate knowledge of the source and target cultures can ensure this.

This adaptation and recreation of the original is called transcreation.

It is a blueprint for how humans across many industries will survive the robot onslaught.

You see, a key aspect of a great translator’s arsenal is the ability to fill in the gaps and create something uniquely perfect. A robot could translate a Shakespearean sonnet from English to Japanese, but I very much doubt that it would retain the original beauty. That would take hours of careful consideration from only the most skilled translator (who writes Japanese poetry in their spare time).

Creatively filling in the gaps is what humans do best.

In communication terms, the deeper meaning is often found in what is left unsaid; unspoken inferences weaving their magic and taking a message to a whole new level.

In terms of different industries, the parallels are striking. The legal industry is a minefield of jargon that could be swiftly dealt with by an A.I. bot, but ask it to comfort a confused divorcee or aggrieved company owner, and it will struggle. Hospitality is another example where a robot can book us into a hotel, but only the warm farewell from a receptionist will send us on our way with a smile on our faces.

The subtleties of human experience ensure that the human experience will always trump the robot one.

The history of our workplace has been one of adaptation and adoption of new technologies. However, no matter how streamlined the process, the very best results are achieved with a sprinkling of humanity to add the cherry on top. Life is short and every day is precious, so why would we choose to live without that cherry? That is what a life with A.I. would look like – very easy, almost effortless, but with little to truly savour.

To me, translation is about remaining as true as possible to the original, but in every piece of work, we also have to remain as true as possible to the reader.

This tightrope is something that A.I. will never be able to tread.

Are You Using Hybrid Localisation for Your Business?

Want your message to travel the world and still feel local wherever it lands? Hybrid localisation is your combo of machine smarts and human flair. Think of it as AI doing the heavy lifting while people add the sparkle.

What Are Multilingual LLMs?